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1...Jack's seminar on 060523 presented ideas on merging ontologies being
2...Need examples applying data structure alternatives presented in
CONTACTS
0204 - Los Alamos National Laboratory O-00000755 0602
020401 - Mr. Cliff Joslyn O-00000755 0602
020402 -
020404 - Computer Research Group (CIC-3)
SUBJECTS
Expert Subject Indexing Playing Around Too Modest Praise Expertise J
2003 -
2003 - ..
2004 - Summary/Objective
2005 -
200501 - Follow up ref SDS B7 0000. ref SDS B5 0000.
200502 -
200503 - Discussion continued today on subject indexing arising from question
200504 - on whether to include Rod's records for new users to experience
200505 - program tools and application. ref SDS 0 QM9I Letter to the team
200506 - commended Jack's work on topic maps that relates to discussion of SDS
200507 - subject indexing, ref SDS 0 QM9I, including Nexist and Open Iris.
200508 - ref SDS 0 K45X Copy to Cliff at LANL asks for support on Jack's
200509 - recollection that hypergraphs and hetroarchies relate to data
200510 - structures for subject indexing. ref SDS 0 K46T Cliff responded that
200511 - hierarchies and networks are effective data structures in this
200512 - context. ref SDS 0 557P Everyone feels context management is hard
200513 - work; SDS makes the 8-steps for Communication Metrics faster and
200514 - easier. ref SDS 0 PE5T Examples and experience testing are needed to
200515 - assess advantages of incorporating new ideas for SDS. ref SDS 0 I26M
200516 - Gary Johnson contributed more analysis that hierarchies are inadequate
200517 - data structures for complex records. ref SDS 0 9J3N He explained
200518 - advantages of outlining. ref SDS 0 IA8U
200519 -
200520 -
200521 -
200522 -
200523 -
200524 -
200526 - ..
2006 -
2007 -
2008 - Progress
2009 -
200901 - Jack Park Expert Organize Complexity Topic Maps Research Publications
200902 -
200903 - Follow up ref SDS B7 QM9I.
200904 -
200905 - On 060831 asked Gary for comments on providing Rod's records to new
200906 - users for guidance on using SDS subject index system. ref SDS B5 VP3W
200907 - On 060905 received helpful feedback from Morris, ref SDS B7 855H, from
200908 - Gary Johnson, ref SDS B7 DJ9J, and from Jack Park. ref SDS B7 QM9I
200910 - ..
200911 - Submitted ref DIT 1 0001 responding to Jack's letter received on
200912 - 060905, ref DRP 5 0001, and reviewed in the record at that time.
200913 - ref SDS B7 QM9I Copies were submitted to Morris, Gary, and to Cliff
200914 - Joslyn at LANL. ref DIT 1 00W3 This letter supplements the first
200915 - letter responding to Morris and Gary on 060905. ref SDS B7 M39L
200917 - ..
200918 - Letter to Jack, and the guys says...
200919 -
200920 - 1. "Playing around"? Here, here! ref DIT 1 0001
200922 - ..
200923 - 2. Jack has written a book or two on topic maps, and contributes
200924 - generously to professional conferences. ref DIT 1 HE5N On
200925 - 000829 he related new ideas on organizing the record (they were
200926 - using "categories" at that time) presented during a Knowledge
200927 - Management conference in Montreal. ref SDS 55 G69G
200929 - ..
200930 - This letter commends Jack's work and commitment to advance knowledge
200931 - management, following up his letter on 060905. ref SDS B7 QM9I
200933 - ..
200934 - Attrubution was listed as a task of knowledge management in a
200935 - presentation on 000227 by Jim Spohrer representing IBM for the
200936 - Colloquium at Stanford. ref SDS 40 0987
200938 - ..
200939 - Letter to Jack and the guys continues...
200940 -
200941 - 3. Nexist and Open Iris demonstrate Jack's continuing evolution of
200942 - tools to support ontology, ref DIT 1 MM6L, reviewed on 060211.
200943 - ref SDS A7 6Z5W
200945 - ..
200946 - Jack's work with Nexist is illustrated by the record on 030314.
200947 - ref SDS 84 5560
200948 -
200949 - [...see below Gary Johnson cites Jack's work with Open Iris
200950 - applying multiple hierarchies. ref SDS 0 IA8Y
200951 -
200952 -
200953 -
200954 -
2010 -
SUBJECTS
Complexity Theory Presented But Not Heterarchies Hypergraph Presente
3103 -
310401 - ..
310402 - Joslyn Presentation to OHS/DKR at SRI on 000727
310403 - Complexity Theory Presented at SRI for OHS/DKR
310404 -
310405 - Follow up ref SDS B7 W955.
310406 -
310407 - Letter to Jack and the guys continues...
310409 - ..
310410 - 4. Cliff Joslyn gave a presentation at SRI to Doug's ad hoc team
310411 - on 000727. Looks like Jack was the leader bringing this about.
310412 - ref SDS 52 5555, ref DIT 1 OH7H
310414 - ..
310415 - 5. The record does not mention "hypergraph," but does indicate
310416 - this might have been presented, since Cliff was clearly
310417 - proposing ideas on complexity theory, ref SDS 52 6992, as Jack
310418 - recalls in his letter the other day on 060905. ref SDS B7 W955
310419 - Cliff focused his remarks to the SRI folks on chronology, which
310420 - models the irreversibility of time that drives the locality
310421 - principle underlying the SDS design for converting information
310422 - into the "power of knowledge," reviewed well after Cliff's
310423 - presentation, and on 040312. ref SDS 94 YH4G, ref DIT 1 LE7N
310425 - ..
310426 - 6. By copy we can ask Cliff to clarify, if he has time to sift
310427 - through his notes. As well, Cliff may have come back the next
310428 - year in 2001 and discussed hypergraph, as Jack now remembers.
310429 - I only show the one trip, but was not following OHS/DKR
310430 - activity after 2000. ref DIT 1 LF9J
310431 -
310432 - [...below, Cliff does not address Jack's recollection of
310433 - presenting hypergraphs. ref SDS 0 557P
310435 - ..
310436 - [...below, Cliff supported discussion today citing methods
310437 - for hierarchy data objects modeled as DAGs, ref SDS 0 2E4H,
310438 - and indicates linking transforms multiple hierarchies into
310439 - networks. ref SDS 0 557P
310440 -
310441 -
310442 -
310443 -
3105 -
SUBJECTS
Subject Indexing Purpose Intelligence Support Organize Record Order
What Are We Trying to Accomplish OHS/DKR Collaboration Discussion Gr
5104 -
510501 - ..
510502 - Purpose Organize Record Find Details Accuraacy Understand Cause Effect
510503 - New Way Working Intelligently Subject Indexing Needs Examples
510504 - Subject Indexing New Way Working Customers Need Examples
510505 - Customers Examples Work Product Functionality Learn New Way Working
510506 -
510507 - Follow up ref SDS B7 PE5T.
510508 -
510509 - Letter to Jack and the guys continues...
510511 - ..
510512 - 7. There seems to be agreement among interlocutors the past few
510513 - days that context management is complex work, ref DIT 1 K69N,
510514 - reported by Morris on 060905, ref SDS B7 2I7K, and cited by
510515 - Gary in a letter later the same day. ref SDS B7 JV6Y There are
510516 - specific practices and tools using SDS for 8 steps. (see POIMS,
510517 - ref OF 6 685K) to organize the record of daily work for finding
510518 - details, assemble chronologies, and construct case studies for
510519 - intelligence support. (see NWO for scope, ref OF 11 LW5I),
510520 - ref DIT 1 K69N
510522 - ..
510523 - SDS tools for subject indexing need examples for people to learn a new
510524 - way of working intelligently, presented in a letter on 060905.
510525 - ref SDS B7 FE5T People also need support from a librarian type of
510526 - role, also, discussed on 060905. ref SDS B7 HA8I Morris described
510527 - this work to catelog the record for working efficiently. ref SDS B7
510528 - ML8N On 010425 described self-evident benefits putting everything in
510529 - the right place at the right time. ref SDS 65 EP7F
510530 -
510531 -
510532 -
510533 -
510534 -
5106 -
SUBJECTS
Federating Model Vison Expand SDS Support Knowledge Management Subje
6803 -
680401 - ..
680402 - Federating Complex Entailments Needs Explanation Examples
680403 - Experience Doing Knowledge Management Yieds Ideas on Federating SDS
680404 -
680405 - Letter to Jack and the guys concludes...
680406 -
680407 - 8. This baseline of performance can be enhanced using Jack's
680408 - vision of a "federating" model, also, presented on 060905.
680409 - ref SDS B7 PE5T The challenge, as always, is to perform work,
680410 - and test results with experience, ref DIT 1 YF4K, keeping in
680411 - mind that subject indexing to organize the record is one part
680412 - of intelligence support, listed in POIMS, ref OF 3 0367, and
680413 - all of the parts have to work together harmoniously. (see again
680414 - POIMS, ref OF 4 8559), ref DIT 1 YF4K
680416 - ..
680417 - On 001126 the OHS/DKR team needed experience doing knowledge
680418 - management in order learn what to create for making this work faster
680419 - and easier. ref SDS 58 M171
680420 -
680421 - [...below Cliff Joslyn presents various data structures,
680422 - ref SDS 0 2E4H, with comments on viability for application
680423 - and efficiency, ref SDS 0 556T, evaluation on applying to
680424 - SDS requires testing. ref SDS 0 3Y4M
680425 -
680426 -
680427 -
680428 -
680429 -
6805 -
SUBJECTS
Subject Index Cross-reference Records Management Filing Context Mana
7803 -
780401 - ..
780402 - Subject Indexing Cross-references Outlining Hierarchies
780403 -
780404 - Follow up ref SDS B7 DJ9J. ref SDS B5 2I7K.
780405 -
780406 - Received ref DRT 1 0001 from Gary adding to his support received on
780407 - 060905, ref SDS B7 DJ9J, and responding to the letter this morning,
780408 - ref DIT 1 0001, per above, ref SDS 0 QM9I, and to correspondence from
780409 - Jack on 060905. ref SDS B7 QM9I
780411 - ..
780412 - Gary says...
780413 -
780414 - 1. Hierarchy is clearly inadequate to index complex bodies of
780415 - knowledge. We use hyperlinks to connect the basic data to
780416 - other basic data, thus creating a network or web. The same
780417 - sort of cross-linking needs to be available in our indexes. I
780418 - believe that Topic Maps supports this, and it turns out that
780419 - SDS supports the idea of cross-reference topics in a Subject
780420 - Index page, which I hadn't known. ref DRT 1 0001
780422 - ..
780423 - Cross referencing for relational support of hierarchial structures in
780424 - the subject index, was reviewed on 960322, ref SDS 24 KR6M, and was
780425 - demonstrated this morining, during a telephone call with Gary.
780426 -
780427 - [...below, Cliff Joslyn cites methods for hierarchy data
780428 - objects modeled as DAGs, ref SDS 0 2E4H, and indicates
780429 - linking transforms multiple hierarchies into networks.
780430 - ref SDS 0 557P
780432 - ..
780433 - Design criteria for subject indexing was discussed in a letter on
780434 - 060905. ref SDS B7 DJ9J
780436 - ..
780437 - Constructing trails of associations cross-referencing a Subject Index
780438 - makes filing, records management, and context management effective
780439 - with a lot of hard work, was reviewed on 060905, ref SDS B7 7R4L,
780440 - essential to maintain order that yields the power of knowledge to
780441 - control the future, further discussed on 060805. ref SDS B7 X73H
780442 -
780443 - [On 070125 Gary described advantages of SDS subject
780444 - indexing. ref SDS C0 YP7N
780446 - ..
780447 - Gary lists hierarchies in the scope of critical capabilities for
780448 - effective subject indexing. ref SDS 0 IB6Y
780450 - ..
780451 - Gary's letter continues...
780452 -
780453 - 2. I have found over the years that I need an outline almost
780454 - everywhere I need a list, and it may well be that I really need
780455 - a web everywhere I need an outline. ref DRT 1 T461
780457 - ..
780458 - Gary presented advantages of outlining in a letter on 041111.
780459 - ref SDS A2 3K5N The next day on 041112 he explained technology
780460 - features that make outlining productive based on experience using
780461 - Maxthink. ref SDS A3 OR6X This year on 060412 Gary submitted an
780462 - article on Wizfolders that listed benefits of outlining software
780463 - compared to wordprocessing. ref SDS A9 IG8X
780465 - ..
780466 - [...below, Cliff Joslyn explains outlining data structures
780467 - as "trees," and in relation to hierarchies and networks.
780468 - ref SDS 0 556T
780470 - ..
780471 - Outlining fits the model of flexible structure explained in the record
780472 - on 890523. ref SDS 1 T18R Line numbers support outlining illustrated
780473 - by traditional legal briefing, and in SDS records, also, reviewed on
780474 - 890523. ref SDS 1 T1VQ
780476 - ..
780477 - Shallow outlining was discussed again on 020217. ref SDS 74 3105
780479 - ..
780480 - Gary says...
780481 -
780482 - 3. I really believe in multiple hierarchies, as in multiple
780483 - inheritance in programming languages, and the categories in
780484 - Iris. This is similar to facets in thesaurus work. This
780485 - results in multiple "primary" indexes as is done with the 3
780486 - card catalogs in a library. Of course, a single-rooted
780487 - hierarchy can simulate a multi-rooted hierarchy just 1 level
780488 - down, so for links it doesn't matter how the tree (or forest)
780489 - is built. In inheritance, the problem is a bit more complex.
780490 - ref DRT 1 T465
780491 -
780492 - [...below, Cliff Joslyn cites hierarchy data objects
780493 - modeled as DAGs, ref SDS 0 2E4H, and indicates linking
780494 - transforms multiple hierarchies into networks. ref SDS 0
780495 - 557P
780497 - ..
780498 - Gary's reliance on 3-card catalogs in library work, follows up
780499 - analysis on 060905, ref SDS B7 JV8P, to illustrate success applying
780500 - multiple hierarchies for indexing data structures aligns with
780501 - solutions for the sharing model Morris raised on 060905. ref SDS B7
780502 - LU56
780504 - ..
780505 - Morris has sometimes described SDS support for "3x5 card" organizing
780506 - systems, for example on 950223. ref SDS 16 9933
780508 - ..
780509 - Relational and hierarchial design fits the model of "multiple
780510 - hierarchies, illustrated by analogy in the record on 890523.
780511 - ref SDS 1 G14K Morris described this SDS breakthrough in a letter on
780512 - 910810. ref SDS 4 7793
780514 - ..
780515 - "Iris" may relate to the letter this morning crediting Jack's work at
780516 - SRI developing systems for managing catagories, per above, ref SDS 0
780517 - K45X, and citing review on 060211. ref SDS A7 6Z5W
780518 -
780519 -
780520 -
780521 -
780522 -
780523 -
7806 -
SUBJECTS
Subject Indexing Natural Structures Organize Complexity Daily Work E
A403 -
A40401 - ..
A40402 - Email Subject Indexing Natural Catagories Context Management Easier
A40403 - Integrating Information Streams Makes Better Sense of Email
A40404 - Complementarity Organizing Record Makes Sense for Authors and Readers
A40405 - Subject Indexing Natural Structures Organize Complexity Daily Work
A40406 -
A40407 - Follow up ref SDS B7 F66V.
A40409 - ..
A40410 - Natural Structures Make Sense Complexity Integration Complementarity
A40411 - Automatic Organization Email Helps Make Sense Complex Communications
A40412 -
A40413 - Gary says...
A40414 -
A40415 - 4. Where the environment provides some natural categories,
A40416 - automation can indeed be useful. Indexing a set of emails by
A40417 - date, recipients, sender, subjects, etc. is quite helpful. If
A40418 - this were enhanced by convention in the emails to add
A40419 - additional context as is done in formal papers, which often...
A40420 - supply indexing terms, the leverage can be powerful. Tagging
A40421 - an email by project(s), and adding indexing terms could help a
A40422 - lot. Failing to have that done by the authors of the emails,
A40423 - the ability for a user to add such information easily when
A40424 - transferring the email into the system is valuable. Iris
A40425 - supports this. ref DRT 1 T473
A40427 - ..
A40428 - Would be helpful to see a demonstration of Iris support for managing
A40429 - context in email and other information streams.
A40431 - ..
A40432 - Indexing "Subject" in email, ref SDS 0 M97O, is problematic. People
A40433 - rarely enter a useful subject, and often a letter has many subjects.
A40434 - Exhanging correspondence changes the subject, yet people almost never
A40435 - make minimal efforts for Knowledge Mangement to align the Subject with
A40436 - evolving content in email, noted by Jack Park in his letter on 010908,
A40437 - ref SDS 67 UV4H, and later cited by Gary describing the "2-worlds"
A40438 - problem on 030316. ref SDS 85 H69J Below, Gary describes benefits of
A40439 - Knowledge Management to save lives, time, and money by working
A40440 - intelligently do not seem in the moment comensurate with costs.
A40441 - ref SDS 0 IA5Y
A40443 - ..
A40444 - Email is a new technology that makes communication the biggest risk in
A40445 - enterprise. It has elements of accuracy endemic to writing, and of
A40446 - speed that increases productivity, which are both illusory for reasons
A40447 - listed in the record reviewing Jack Park's letter on 010908.
A40448 - ref SDS 67 YF5O
A40450 - ..
A40451 - Email illusion of productivity was reviewed by OHS/DKR team for adding
A40452 - data structures considered by Gary today, per above, ref SDS 0 IA9X,
A40453 - reported on 000420. ref SDS 44 0784
A40455 - ..
A40456 - Email makes better sense integrating subject indexing with everything
A40457 - else to augment intelligence. Integrated information streams improve
A40458 - understanding of daily work by "connecting the dots" for everything
A40459 - into contextual relevance. Morris mentioned this on 980405.
A40460 - ref SDS 33 FN9F Earlier, research on 900303 makes a similar point.
A40461 - ref SDS 2 6006
A40462 -
A40463 -
A40464 -
A40465 -
A405 -
SUBJECTS
Subject Index Knowledge Management Command Control Meta Data Sensema
AN03 -
AN0401 - ..
AN0402 - Knowledge Management Hard Work Construct Assign Subjects
AN0403 - Metadata Assign Subjects Facilitate Finding Retrieval Hard Work
AN0404 - Sensemaking Subject Indexing Context Management Organic Structure
AN0405 - Automatic Subject Indexing Document Content Complex Context Evolves
AN0406 -
AN0407 -
AN0408 - Big Projects Degrade Management to Enropy Technology Cannot Keep Up
AN0409 - People Giving Up Using Technology for Communication Too Complex
AN0410 - Records Management Augments Intelligence High Volume Overwhelming
AN0411 -
AN0412 - Gary's letter continues...
AN0413 -
AN0414 - 5. I am not certain that setting work context (project, action
AN0415 - category, etc.) and having that transferred automatically to
AN0416 - work product created is workable. I have tried this with
AN0417 - timekeeping systems with very little luck, since the context
AN0418 - switches are often frequent and for short periods of time. It
AN0419 - would be an interesting experiment to see if a set of context
AN0420 - parameters could be inherited by activity in something like
AN0421 - Iris. Open a data item, create an email or a note, and they
AN0422 - inherit the context of the data item unless overridden. Sort
AN0423 - of like replying to an email carries some context along with
AN0424 - it. ref DRT 1 T483
AN0426 - ..
AN0427 - The letter on 060905 reviewed progress on automatic processing to
AN0428 - manage the organic structure of context. ref SDS B7 FF3Y
AN0429 -
AN0430 - [On 070125 Gary described advantages of SDS subject
AN0431 - indexing. ref SDS C0 YP7N
AN0432 -
AN0433 - [On 070511 enhanced context management system to construct
AN0434 - accounts in the Subject Index and assign to Control Fields.
AN0435 - ref SDS C2 0001
AN0437 - ..
AN0438 - SDS Utopia Everything in Right Place at Right Time
AN0439 - Pain Using Management Technology Ignore Bumbling Losing Time Money
AN0441 - ..
AN0442 - Gary's letter continues...
AN0443 -
AN0444 - 6. Of course, the indexing and retrieval problem is nothing new.
AN0445 - One of the intents of XML and the various metadata initiatives
AN0446 - is to allow authors to add indexing information to data to
AN0447 - facilitate retrieval. For a formal document that takes months
AN0448 - to create, the additional time to add good metadata isn't
AN0449 - burdensome. When we ask anyone to do this for short emails,
AN0450 - notes, reminders, etc., the effort to add the metadata begins
AN0451 - to meet or exceed that required to do the work, and the
AN0452 - resistance to doing it goes up, particularly if there is no
AN0453 - apparent value to it right now. Being able to find it,
AN0454 - retrieve it, and correlate it later seldom outweighs the pain
AN0455 - of having to do it in the moment. ref DRT 1 T493
AN0457 - ..
AN0458 - Gary's comment that people avoid "pain" of cognitive overhead doing
AN0459 - hard work organizing the record, cited in research at SRI on 000307,
AN0460 - ref SDS 41 767G, and accept greater pain later losing lives, time, and
AN0461 - money, when guess and gossip, hunch, and hope cause continual bumbling
AN0462 - reflects the report by Ray Ozzi, developer of Lotus Notes. On 020822
AN0463 - Ozzi noted that people feel pain using management technology because
AN0464 - nobody can find critical details in time to be effective. ref SDS 82
AN0465 - 466L
AN0467 - ..
AN0468 - Gary's comment that records management is "nothing new" aligns with
AN0469 - background on SDS features and benefits.
AN0471 - ..
AN0472 - Research on 970707 shows management degrades to entropy, i.e., guess
AN0473 - and gossip, hunch and hope in endless meetings, calls, and documents,
AN0474 - because order cannot be maintained in the record for finding critical
AN0475 - details in time to be effective. People pay a price relying on
AN0476 - remembering only the gist of the story, ref SDS 30 0108, citing review
AN0477 - on 950204, ref SDS 14 0550, and research on 900303. ref SDS 2 6689
AN0478 - Kissinger noted accuracy degrades into a comedy of errors, reported on
AN0479 - 940609. ref SDS 8 4238 Continual bumbling eventually reaches
AN0480 - critical mass and explodes into loss of life, time, and money, e.g.,
AN0481 - breakdown of national security on 010911, ref SDS 68 UP5K, collapse of
AN0482 - Enron into bankruptcy, 020204, ref SDS 73 4N6F, Columbia space shuttle
AN0483 - explodes returning from space, because NASA management interpretted
AN0484 - requirements for good management as suggestions which could be ignored
AN0485 - with good communication skills, reported to Congress on 030826.
AN0486 - ref SDS 90 8K4G
AN0488 - ..
AN0489 - Technology Augment Intelligence Records Management
AN0490 - History Records Management Bush Proposed Trails Associations
AN0491 -
AN0493 - ..
AN0494 - Vannevar Bush led the nation's research for developing weapons systems
AN0495 - to win World War II. Problems working with mountains of information
AN0496 - from daily meetings, calls, and documents led to a proposal in 1945 on
AN0497 - using technology for constructing trails of associations to maintain
AN0498 - order in the record of daily work so that finding critical details,
AN0499 - correlations, implications, and nuance would be fast and easy,
AN0500 - reviewed on 960304. ref SDS 22 L47F
AN0502 - ..
AN0503 - Roman Empire History Records Management
AN0504 -
AN0505 -
AN0506 - Records management dates back to at least the Roman Empire, noted in
AN0507 - research...
AN0508 -
AN0509 - [On 070126 case study Knowledge Management objectives
AN0510 - using computers for records management have all failed.
AN0511 - ref SDS C1 QH8L
AN0513 - ..
AN0514 - ARMA Records Management Quarterly,
AN0515 - Oct 1994 by Stephens, David O
AN0517 - ..
AN0518 - http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3691/is_199410/ai_n8717832
AN0519 -
AN0520 - ...the origins of records management... date back at least
AN0521 - 2,000 years, to the days of...the Roman Empire.
AN0523 - ..
AN0524 - Romans ...established a sophisticated records management
AN0525 - infrastructure. Administrative organizations and systems
AN0526 - were built upon the legal foundation of these record
AN0527 - keeping systems.
AN0529 - ..
AN0530 - Roman documents created on wooden tablets were joined
AN0531 - together when they became inactive; a group of related
AN0532 - documents formed what was called a codex--a collection of
AN0533 - records similar to our modern-day file folders. Within
AN0534 - each codex, individual tablets were numbered in consecutive
AN0535 - order and indexed for subsequent retrieval. Large
AN0536 - quantities of these tablets were stored in a building
AN0537 - called a tablinum (literally a "house of tablets"), a
AN0538 - facility similar to our present-day records centers.
AN0540 - ..
AN0541 - In the year 79 B.C., the Romans built the Tabularium, a
AN0542 - facility adjacent to the Forum, which served as a central
AN0543 - records repository. The Tabularium was administered by a
AN0544 - fourteen quasestores, and during the days of the republic
AN0545 - free access to its holdings was granted to every Roman
AN0546 - citizen.
AN0548 - ..
AN0549 - The Roman empire from 27 BC until 476 AD maintained records
AN0550 - in repositories called tabularium Caesaris. "Decentralized"
AN0551 - centers were established in each province, which contained
AN0552 - the records of both the central and the provincial
AN0553 - governments, and there were municipal record centers as
AN0554 - well.
AN0556 - ..
AN0557 - After the Roman Empire, Italian city states of the Middle
AN0558 - Ages made substantial progress in records management
AN0559 - systems. The chancery offices were subdivided into various
AN0560 - bureaus, each maintaining records and files of the local
AN0561 - government. Typically, records were filed either by
AN0562 - subject, by format, or by type of transaction, and then
AN0563 - chronologically within these groupings. These bureaus
AN0564 - utilized armoires or cupboards as filing cabinets, each
AN0565 - with a label to indicate the contents.
AN0567 - ..
AN0568 - In the early 1960s Doug Engelbart proposed a project to implement the
AN0569 - Bush vision presented in 1945, reviewed on 991222, ref SDS 38 XS6N,
AN0570 - and suggested that using technology for records of management augments
AN0571 - intelligence. ref SDS 38 7H5H This application aligns with SDS design
AN0572 - and practices for intelligence support using Communication Metrics,
AN0573 - discussed with Doug on 991222. ref SDS 38 TY6G
AN0575 - ..
AN0576 - MIT records management practices present conventional approaches to
AN0577 - subject indexing for context management, also, reviewed on 960322.
AN0578 - ref SDS 24 PX54
AN0580 - ..
AN0581 - On 000623 Jack Park proposed an engine to automatically make sense of
AN0582 - information by assigning categories. ref SDS 49 2915 Jack discussed
AN0583 - this idea again on 001025. ref SDS 57 LR6N
AN0584 -
AN0585 - [On 070511 developed SDS context management that constructs
AN0586 - multiple accounts in the Subject Index and assigns to
AN0587 - Control Fields. ref SDS C2 0001
AN0589 - ..
AN0590 - Today, Gary sets out reasons for resisting subject indexing to avoid
AN0591 - the burden of cognitive overhead, ref SDS 0 IA5Y, explained in NWO,
AN0592 - ref OF 13 LH6K, and which are balanced by benefits derived from the
AN0593 - power of knowledge.
AN0595 - ..
AN0596 - Better productivity requires command and control of the record for
AN0597 - quickly finding and retrieving in chronological order critical details
AN0598 - in time to be effective for saving lives, time, and money. Order is
AN0599 - the underlying mental mechanism that makes sense of complexity by
AN0600 - "connecting the dots" of cause and effect, commonly called "analysis,"
AN0601 - "study," "research," and sometimes "intelligence" that yields the
AN0602 - power of knowledge to control the future, explained in POIMS.
AN0603 - ref OF 3 1X6G SDS leverages intelligence that manages the organic
AN0604 - structure of context to retrieve information in chronological order by
AN0605 - narrowing the gap between subconscious and conscious processing, also,
AN0606 - explained in POIMS. ref OF 4 6J4M Gary points out today that people
AN0607 - get discouraged because consciously adding organization to make
AN0608 - meta data effective takes a lot of hard work to perform context
AN0609 - management, ref SDS 0 IA5Y, discussed above, ref SDS 0 6U9K, and
AN0610 - presented in research at SRI on 000307. ref SDS 41 767G
AN0612 - ..
AN0613 - Experience grows awareness of benefits using tools for organizing to
AN0614 - improve work, discussed on 060905. ref SDS B7 CZ3H Investing time to
AN0615 - understand "meaning" makes sense of complexity by constructing orderly
AN0616 - trails associating cause and effect based on contextual relevance
AN0617 - managed by the Subject Index. Accurate understanding of causation
AN0618 - helps write accurate, comprehensive, and concise correspondence,
AN0619 - specifications, and reports, which support planning for taking
AN0620 - effective action, explained in POIMS. ref OF 5 0859
AN0622 - ..
AN0623 - Jack's seminar on 060523 presented ideas on merging ontologies being
AN0624 - developed and promoted at SRI. ref SDS B0 UK6Q Another seminar could
AN0625 - demonstrate how Open Iris uses categories and other features that add
AN0626 - context to email, mentioned by Gary today, as part of merging
AN0627 - ontologies.
AN0629 - ..
AN0630 - The biggest challenge is maintaing order that enables the power of
AN0631 - knowledge to predict the future based on the locality principle,
AN0632 - reviewed on 040312. ref SDS 94 YH4G SDS supports 8 steps for adding
AN0633 - order that yield Communication Metrics, listed in POIMS. ref OF 6 685K
AN0635 - ..
AN0636 - Gary explained this challenge in a call on 030316. ref SDS 85 7J7I
AN0638 - ..
AN0639 - Gary described challenges of organizing documentation with an organic
AN0640 - subject index, in another call on 030408. ref SDS 87 WE7N
AN0642 - ..
AN0643 - On 030512 Gary discussed scope of 2-worlds, that has many gaps to
AN0644 - transcend from information to a culture of knowledge. ref SDS 88 RX5O
AN0646 - ..
AN0647 - Gary's idea to hire a "refractor" to catelog the record shifts pain to
AN0648 - gain by paying people to organize everything. For example, a
AN0649 - librarian never worries about extra time to catelog, because the more
AN0650 - there is to catelog, the more they get paid, reviewed on 060905.
AN0651 - ref SDS B7 KC8H
AN0653 - ..
AN0654 - Jack Park proposed in a letter on 040622 using complexity theory for
AN0655 - sensemaking. ref SDS 98 FM5W Review showed that people make sense of
AN0656 - complexity by constructing trails of correlations and implications,
AN0657 - and discovering nuance that is otherwise hidden by limited span of
AN0658 - attention, especially when time is short. ref SDS 98 T66N
AN0660 - ..
AN0661 - Gary's explains writers perform Knowledge Management to make sense of
AN0662 - writing with chapter descriptions that summarize meaning (sometimes),
AN0663 - creating a table of contents for navigation, and by indexing to locate
AN0664 - content. Research at SRI on 000307 found that Knowledge Management a
AN0665 - lot of hard work which discourages performance, ref SDS 41 767G, as
AN0666 - Gary notes today. ref SDS 0 IA5Y Readers have complementary work to
AN0667 - associate content with objectives, requirements, and commitments under
AN0668 - MBO criteria, reported on 960322. ref SDS 24 TS04, and citing earlier
AN0669 - analysis on 890523. ref SDS 1 XT6O Binary structure explained in NWO,
AN0670 - ref OF 10 VL4G, requires mutual efforts by authors and readers to
AN0671 - construct meaning by associating subjects with complementary
AN0672 - objectives. Complementarity is reviewed in the record on 040312.
AN0673 - ref SDS 96 486I
AN0674 -
AN0675 - [On 061102 example 2-worlds problem using 8-steps of Communication
AN0676 - Metrics to make sense of complex medical report on coagulapathy
AN0677 - report. ref SDS B9 6R4O
AN0679 - ..
AN0680 - Natural structures that reduce the burden of cognitive overhead for
AN0681 - subject indexing were reviewed for Gary's letter on 060905.
AN0682 - ref SDS B7 F66V Examples of natural hierarchies for subject indexing
AN0683 - are listed in the record on 960322. ref SDS 24 FG4M The record on
AN0684 - 890523 illustrates natural structure with WBS for a "big picture."
AN0685 - ref SDS 1 428F
AN0686 -
AN0687 -
AN0688 -
AN07 -
SUBJECTS
Interoperability Common Storage Enable Knowledge Management Compleme
B703 -
B70401 - ..
B70402 - Interoperability Common Storage Enable Knowledge Management
B70403 - Meta Data Index Finding Information Requires Common Storage
B70404 - Common Storage Interoperability Complement Subject Index Meta Data
B70405 -
B70406 -
B70407 - Gary's letter continues...
B70408 -
B70409 - 7. Both SDS and Iris recognize that integration requires some form
B70410 - of common data store, and interaction with the applications
B70411 - that create and manage the data items. Addressing emails and
B70412 - documents in their native applications if far from simple. It
B70413 - is challenging enough when you transfer the information into a
B70414 - form that you can control. ref DRT 1 T444
B70416 - ..
B70417 - SDS support for Knowledge Space applies "common storage," required for
B70418 - Intelligence support, shown in NWO. ref OF 11 PX6J
B70420 - ..
B70421 - Gary commented on 010408 that records management is a lot of hard work
B70422 - using email for collaboration. ref SDS 63 9H8H On 030407 Gary listed
B70423 - about 17 software programs needed for managing daily work without SDS.
B70424 - ref SDS 86 234G This aligns with research on 000307 at SRI by the ad
B70425 - hoc OHS/DKR project team finding that knowledge management is a lot of
B70426 - hard work, ref SDS 41 767G, also, cited above for defining,
B70427 - constructing, and assigning subjects. ref SDS 0 K55F
B70429 - ..
B70430 - Earlier on 030316 Gary cited "2-worlds" problem. Variability in
B70431 - document construction tools makes investing time to create a common
B70432 - format for common storage and "connecting the dots" to work
B70433 - intelligently by adding alignment to verify accuracy and discover
B70434 - correlations, implications and nuance takes a lot of hard work that
B70435 - people avoid. ref SDS 85 7J79 An example is PDF formatting reviewed
B70436 - on 061102. ref SDS B8 6592
B70438 - ..
B70439 - Gary's construction associating "control" with "information" aligns
B70440 - with "command and control" presented in POIMS for technology to
B70441 - strengthen management of daily work. ref OF 7 1113 Command and
B70442 - control of the record is the missing ingredient that prevents people
B70443 - from adding links to email, reported on 020820, ref SDS 80 UV6G, and
B70444 - further leads people to declare that accuracy is not critical in
B70445 - email. ref SDS 81 V66I
B70447 - ..
B70448 - This record illustrates managing content in a letter from Gary, and
B70449 - showing correlations with prior letters from Gary and from others.
B70451 - ..
B70452 - Gary's letter continues...
B70453 -
B70454 - 8. I am looking at the indexing, metadata issues again to manage
B70455 - the increasing volume of file on my personal system. As the
B70456 - drive capacity goes up, I simply save more stuff. With only a
B70457 - single index, the directory path, I can do only so much. In
B70458 - theory, I could build alternate paths using links in the
B70459 - filesystem, but that isn't as easy as I would like on Windows.
B70460 - I have given any real thought to trying that. ref DRT 1 T445
B70462 - ..
B70463 - 9. Using a good checksum or digest gives me a way of locating
B70464 - duplicate files, which is nice, but if I add metadata to the
B70465 - files, I destroy that ability unless I arrange to have only a
B70466 - single copy of the file and update the single copy (I still
B70467 - can't recognize a duplicate of the original if I should
B70468 - download another copy, which happens often). The fact that
B70469 - metadata structures differ by file type, and the file formats
B70470 - (mostly Microsoft) are proprietary just adds to the problem. I
B70471 - *could* tackle the problem with some external data store for
B70472 - the index, but with files numbering in the high 10s of
B70473 - thousands, I am hesitant to start down that road. ref DRT 1
B70474 - T457
B70475 -
B70476 -
B70477 -
B705 -
SUBJECTS
Explicit Links Granular Addressability Case Study Enable Precision A
BD03 -
BD0401 - ..
BD0402 - Case Study Explicit Links Granular Addressability Knowledge Management
BD0403 - Granular Addressability Explicit Links Enable Precision Access
BD0404 - Connections Complement Chronology Context with Granular Addressability
BD0405 -
BD0406 -
BD0407 - 10. Adding granular addressability so that a data item can be
BD0408 - composed of multiple segments which can be individually indexed
BD0409 - simply multiplies the problem beyond measure. ref DRT 1 T469
BD0411 - ..
BD0412 - Explicit links enable granular addressability explained in the scope
BD0413 - for intelligence support in NWO, ref OF 11 6A4K, and provide precision
BD0414 - access to relevant background and authorities.
BD0416 - ..
BD0417 - Gary has commented previously...
BD0418 -
BD0419 - 1. Explicit links for granular
BD0420 - addressability improve
BD0421 - improve communication............. 020325, ref SDS 76 0001
BD0422 -
BD0423 - 2. SDS design for explicit links to
BD0424 - apply granular addressability makes
BD0425 - precision access fast and easy;
BD0426 - attitudes changes - people suddenly
BD0427 - prefer good management to save
BD0428 - lives time and
BD0429 - money............................. 020618, ref SDS 78 BK5L
BD0431 - ..
BD0432 - 3. Granular addressability valuable
BD0433 - to users for precision access
BD0434 - in documents...................... 020618, ref SDS 78 M23V
BD0436 - ..
BD0437 - 4. Links annoy people until they gain
BD0438 - experience applying the power of
BD0439 - knowledge derived from connecting
BD0440 - cause and effect.................. 020730, ref SDS 79 5K5O
BD0442 - ..
BD0443 - 5. Case study power of links to make
BD0444 - useful connections, and fear people
BD0445 - suffer until there is experience
BD0446 - using the power of
BD0447 - knowledge......................... 030524, ref SDS 89 GE4N
BD0449 - ..
BD0450 - 6. Explicit links and granular addressability
BD0451 - presented as "hyperlinks" in a
BD0452 - letter on SDS requested by
BD0453 - Jack Park......................... 040301, ref SDS 93 ML74
BD0455 - ..
BD0456 - 7. 2-worlds problem connecting to wide
BD0457 - range data formats applied in
BD0458 - SDS adding explicit links for
BD0459 - granular addressability to enable
BD0460 - command and control of the
BD0461 - record............................ 040301, ref SDS 93 ML8V
BD0463 - ..
BD0464 - 8. Weblogs and blogging popular efforts
BD0465 - using the Internet for communication
BD0466 - fails to support power of knowledge
BD0467 - from explicit links for grannular
BD0468 - addressability.................... 040802, ref SDS 99 ME5N
BD0470 - ..
BD0471 - 9. SDS explicit links and granular
BD0472 - addressability enable precision
BD0473 - access presented for ASB
BD0474 - brief description................. 041025, ref SDS A0 JN9K
BD0476 - ..
BD0477 - 10. Explicit links, granular addressability
BD0478 - and precision access explained
BD0479 - in traditional terms of
BD0480 - documentation for better
BD0481 - accuracy.......................... 041108, ref SDS A1 B46G
BD0483 - ..
BD0484 - 11. Chronology, context, and connection
BD0485 - summarize SDS support for working
BD0486 - intelligently using explicit links
BD0487 - for granular addressability that
BD0488 - gives SDS the power of
BD0489 - knowledge......................... 051021, ref SDS A5 VI5U
BD0491 - ..
BD0492 - Case study Gary explaining benefits
BD0493 - explicit links for granular
BD0494 - addressability.................... 060907, ref SDS 0 IB5V
BD0496 - ..
BD0497 - Experience adding granular addressability shows that organizing
BD0498 - complexity reduces problems that result from rising entropy when
BD0499 - energy is not added to connect the order of cause and effect, reviewed
BD0500 - on 040312, ref SDS 94 YH4G, and discussed above citing Vannevar Bush
BD0501 - proposing in 1945 technology to construct trails of associations that
BD0502 - help manage complexity in the organic structure of context.
BD0503 - ref SDS 0 665K
BD0505 - ..
BD0506 - Complexity that is organized increases productivity. ref SDS 95 5P9I
BD0508 - ..
BD0509 - Complexity without granular structuring of experience based on context
BD0510 - devolves into a liability that paralyzes productivity. ref SDS 95 W46M
BD0511 -
BD0512 -
BD0513 -
BD0514 -
BD0515 -
BD06 -
SUBJECTS
Subject Index Requirements Summarized Topic Maps Categories Records
BJ03 -
BJ0401 - ..
BJ0402 - Subject Indexing Requirements Summarized
BJ0403 -
BJ0404 - Gary seems to describe in this part of his letter today the scope of
BJ0405 - SDS subject indexing reported in the record on 950626, ref SDS 19
BJ0406 - 2882, citing prior work on 890523. ref SDS 1 T15F Analysis on 960322
BJ0407 - also has helpful perspective on granular division of accounts,
BJ0408 - ref SDS 24 PX7F, and difficulties of transitions. ref SDS 24 B25I
BJ0410 - ..
BJ0411 - This could be incorporated into Morris' scope for SDS to expand
BJ0412 - explanation on 950221 of the subject index. ref SDS 15 MT9F
BJ0414 - ..
BJ0415 - Gary's letter continues...
BJ0417 - ..
BJ0418 - 11. Some elements are clear from experience:
BJ0419 -
BJ0420 - 1. The index has to be separate from the data indexed.
BJ0421 - ref DRT 1 T532
BJ0423 - ..
BJ0424 - 2. There has to be more than 1 primary index (or you could
BJ0425 - just structure the data store). ref DRT 1 KP4G
BJ0427 - ..
BJ0428 - 3. The index structure has to be at least hierarchic.
BJ0429 - ref DRT 1 1Q4J
BJ0430 -
BJ0431 - [On 070125 Gary described scope and advantages of
BJ0432 - SDS subject indexing. ref SDS C0 YP7N
BJ0434 - ..
BJ0435 - 4. Better is to have the index use multiple hierarchies
BJ0436 - (facets?). ref DRT 1 TQ4L
BJ0438 - ..
BJ0439 - 5. Every data item can have multiple categories in various
BJ0440 - places in the index. ref DRT 1 FR4N
BJ0442 - ..
BJ0443 - 6. It is valuable to be able to express the same indexing
BJ0444 - term in a variety of ways, similar to the Preferred
BJ0445 - Term concept in a thesaurus. ref DRT 1 SR5G
BJ0447 - ..
BJ0448 - 7. In an advanced system, the index itself needs to
BJ0449 - support hyperlinks between and among index elements.
BJ0450 - ref DRT 1 6S5J
BJ0452 - ..
BJ0453 - 8. There is value to being able to replicate a
BJ0454 - sub-structure in different contexts. Projects of the
BJ0455 - same type have similar indexing structures at the top
BJ0456 - level, but the fact that the project is different
BJ0457 - provides slightly different meaning to the subjects, so
BJ0458 - a link isn't what is wanted. This is where our
BJ0459 - discussion began - is there value in providing SDS
BJ0460 - users with Rod's populated Subject Index. ref DRT 1
BJ0461 - U45M
BJ0463 - ..
BJ0464 - 9. The idea of a unique description of a topic as used in
BJ0465 - Topic Maps is quite nice. ref DRT 1 OT6J
BJ0467 - ..
BJ0468 - Uniqueness within a flexible organic structure of context combines
BJ0469 - benefits of relational and hierarchial design, set out in planning on
BJ0470 - 890523. ref SDS 1 T15F This was explained on 031207. ref SDS 91 G27M
BJ0471 -
BJ0472 -
BJ0473 -
BJ0474 -
BJ0475 -
BJ05 -
SUBJECTS
Subject Indexing Complex Task Organize Complexity Daily Work Conside
BW03 -
BW0401 - ..
BW0402 - Critical Mass Tools Hard to Find to Begin Organizing the Work
BW0403 - Email Incremental Step to Knowledge Management Leverage Intelligence
BW0404 -
BW0405 - Gary's letter continues...
BW0406 -
BW0407 - 12. The total package is huge. As yet, I haven't seen a good
BW0408 - incremental approach as a "critical mass" of capability is
BW0409 - necessary in order for the system to begin being part of the
BW0410 - solution space rather than part of the problem space. Or,
BW0411 - rather, I haven't found a good incremental approach that can be
BW0412 - done with my resources. But, I keep thinking about it and
BW0413 - looking at it. As other build some of the pieces, the reality
BW0414 - may grow closer.
BW0416 - ..
BW0417 - The scope of "huge package" for "critical mass" of capability cited in
BW0418 - this part of Gary's letter seems related to Gary's list above,
BW0419 - ref SDS 0 IB6Q, which generally describes the SDS subject index design
BW0420 - for managing of daily work by creating order and structure to
BW0421 - understand complexity, per above. ref SDS 0 Y94I What steps
BW0422 - additional tip the balance toward organizing the record? Is this the
BW0423 - librarian discussed on 060905? ref SDS B7 KC8H
BW0425 - ..
BW0426 - Gary seems to present today context management as hopelessly beyond
BW0427 - reach, repeating the letter on 060905, ref SDS B7 DJ9J, that aligns
BW0428 - with Jack's letter on 000221 citing authority on complexity of
BW0429 - organic subject structure, like Pandora's Box.
BW0430 -
BW0431 - [On 070125 Gary described advantages of SDS subject
BW0432 - indexing. ref SDS C0 YP7N
BW0434 - ..
BW0435 - In some respects, Gary reviews issues today considered by Jack Park
BW0436 - and others in 2000 setting objectives for the OHS/DKR, shown by Doug
BW0437 - Engelbart's letter on 000405 proposing to first add addressability to
BW0438 - email for linking to cite the record. ref SDS 43 2484 At that time,
BW0439 - on 000426 Jack wrote...
BW0441 - ..
BW0442 - Thus far, Doug has elucidated a rather vast and huge picture of
BW0443 - what needs to be done (his vision), but has not yet drilled
BW0444 - down to the bloody details of what that should look like.
BW0445 - Right now, we know we want a dynamic knowledge repository.
BW0446 - What the hell is that? ref SDS 45 2340
BW0448 - ..
BW0449 - On 000503 Eric Armstrong reported difficulty with the conceptual leap
BW0450 - from information to "knowledge," ref SDS 46 5033, noted earlier by
BW0451 - Morris on 960227. ref SDS 21 0022 Eric therefore proposed making
BW0452 - improving email the primary step, ref SDS 46 F82E, with features
BW0453 - similar to Gary's list today. ref SDS 0 IA4X and, ref SDS 0 IA5Y On
BW0454 - 000505 Eric applied this idea in a specification for the OHS/DKR to
BW0455 - use email that improves collaboration as an incremental approach to
BW0456 - Knowledge Management. ref SDS 48 4392
BW0458 - ..
BW0459 - At that time, on 000503 Jack Park disagreed with Eric, and said...
BW0460 -
BW0461 - I want the ability to roam around in knowledge space, looking
BW0462 - for interesting ideas, things others didn't think of. Can't do
BW0463 - it with an email system. Sorry. ref SDS 46 6138
BW0465 - ..
BW0466 - A few months later on 000824, Eric reported on meeting to review
BW0467 - OHS/DKR architecture, and that Doug Engelbart proposed the SDS system
BW0468 - using links as part of Knowledge Space. ref SDS 54 OU60 Eric reported
BW0469 - on 001127 that he encountered difficulties creating his approach to
BW0470 - better management. ref SDS 59 QI4O
BW0472 - ..
BW0473 - Subsequently, Jack developed Nexist, and now Open Iris reviewed on
BW0474 - 060211. ref SDS A7 0001 On 010131, Eugene Kim developed tools for
BW0475 - explicit links that provide granular addressability in email,
BW0476 - ref SDS 62 MM9M, based on a format using "purple numbers" demonstrated
BW0477 - by Doug's OHS/DKR launch report on 001025. ref SDS 57 00VU A year
BW0478 - later, on 020224 Eugene reported improvements to addressability in
BW0479 - email. ref SDS 75 XW9N The following year, Eugene sponsored a web
BW0480 - site for the OHS/DKR engineers to collaborate using his system of
BW0481 - purple numbers for granular addressability in email, as Doug proposed
BW0482 - on 000405. ref SDS 84 5560 Concurrently, blogging and wikis, and so
BW0483 - on have exploded on the Internet. Neither Eugene's OHS/DKR group, nor
BW0484 - anbody else have ever added a link. On 020820 Murray Altheim reported
BW0485 - that links are not useful in email, contrary to all the effort
BW0486 - expended make links possible. ref SDS 80 UV6G Why not? Did people
BW0487 - discover that adding connections did not improve accuracy, memory, and
BW0488 - leverage intelligence, as expected? No!
BW0490 - ..
BW0491 - People discovered that creating a connected record requires more than
BW0492 - granular addressability and linking technologies, explained by Morris
BW0493 - on 000706. ref SDS 50 K693
BW0495 - ..
BW0496 - Netscape, Microsoft, and others have provided some level of control
BW0497 - for email which people use for collaboration. SDS provides additional
BW0498 - command and control of content for everything, illustrated by the
BW0499 - example on 890523. ref SDS 1 428F Command and control of the record
BW0500 - is demonstrated by this and other SDS records.
BW0502 - ..
BW0503 - There are about 2,000,000 pointers in the SDS subject index, reported
BW0504 - on 060905 discussing Morris' comments on SDS design. ref SDS B7 L56G
BW0505 - Subject indexing is one of seven methods for command and control of
BW0506 - the record in Knowledge Space, as defined in NWO. ref OF 11 PX6J
BW0507 -
BW0508 - 1. Chronology
BW0509 - 2. Links
BW0510 - 3. References
BW0511 - 4. Document Log
BW0512 - 5. Contacts
BW0513 - 6. Functions
BW0514 - 7. Subjects
BW0516 - ..
BW0517 - These are complementary capabilities for people to find ideas,
BW0518 - critical details, and trends of cause and effect quickly and easily,
BW0519 - without roaming around, and in time to be effective getting things
BW0520 - done. Part of doing the work is building a connected record that
BW0521 - strengthens accuracy to avoid mistakes, and grows knowledge for
BW0522 - solving problems by constructing an external rendering of internal
BW0523 - human thought that can then be shaped and refined and cited.
BW0524 -
BW0525 -
BW0526 -
BW06 -
SUBJECTS
Subject Index Data Structures Hierarchies Data Objects Directed Acyc
C603 -
C60401 - ..
C60402 - Joslyn Explains Data Structures for Knowledge Hierarchies Networks
C60403 - Context Organic Structures Hierarchies Trees DAGS Latices Outlines
C60404 -
C60405 - Received ref DRT 2 0001 commenting on Gary's letter today, and
C60406 - recognizing participation by Jack, and Morris.
C60408 - ..
C60409 - Cliff responds to the letter this morning citing his presentation at
C60410 - SRI, ref SDS 0 K46T, following Jack's letter on 060905 indicating
C60411 - Cliff presented hypergraphs. ref SDS B7 W955
C60412 -
C60413 - 1. Very interesting. I would make these observations:
C60414 -
C60415 - 1. "Hierarchy" does not mean "tree". Hierarchies are properly
C60416 - modeled in terms of data objects as DAGs, and
C60417 - mathematically as posets and/or lattices. These are rich
C60418 - in multiple inheritance, and have distinct levels, but
C60419 - those levels can be of different sizes, and can themselves
C60420 - overlap. ref DRT 2 0001
C60422 - ..
C60423 - Apparently DAGs is an acronym for...
C60424 -
C60425 - directed acyclic graph
C60426 -
C60427 - Free patents online
C60428 -
C60429 - Method and system to compare data objects
C60430 - United States Patent 20060161560
C60431 -
C60432 - http://www.freepatentsonline.com/20060161560.html
C60433 -
C60434 - A directed acyclic graph (DAG) is a representation of a set of
C60435 - items, each of which is associated with a node of the graph.
C60436 - All nodes of a directed acyclic graph are connected by edges or
C60437 - logical connections which are unidirectional (i.e. directed) in
C60438 - nature. Further, a route traced along connected edges, in the
C60439 - direction specified by the edges, never ends on a node from
C60440 - which the route starts (i.e. acyclicity). [0029]
C60442 - ..
C60443 - Directed acyclic graph forest:
C60445 - ..
C60446 - A directed acyclic graph forest is a set of one or more
C60447 - directed acyclic graphs. [0030]
C60449 - ..
C60450 - Ontology-based attribute:
C60452 - ..
C60453 - Ontology-based attribute is an attribute that has a multi-level
C60454 - description. Every element in a level is related to its
C60455 - ancestors by certain defined relationships. An ontology based
C60456 - attribute may be represented as a DAG structure. [0031]
C60458 - ..
C60459 - Simple attribute:
C60461 - ..
C60462 - Simple attribute is an attribute that can have only one value.
C60463 - Simple attribute may also be defined as an ontology-based
C60464 - attribute with only one node. [0032]
C60466 - ..
C60467 - Ancestor nodes:
C60469 - ..
C60470 - In a DAG representation of data, for any given node, ancestor
C60471 - nodes include the nodes that fall on a path traversed from the
C60472 - root node of the [0033] DAG to the given node. Root node is
C60473 - always included in the set of ancestor nodes. [0034] Descendent
C60474 - nodes: In a DAG representation of data, for a given node,
C60475 - descendent nodes include the nodes that fall on a path
C60476 - traversed from the given node to all leaf-nodes connected to
C60477 - the given node. All leaf-nodes connected to the given node are
C60478 - included in the set of descendent nodes. [0035] Parent nodes:
C60479 - In a DAG representation of data, parent nodes of a given node
C60480 - are the immediate ancestor nodes of the given node. [0036]
C60481 - Child nodes: In a DAG representation of data, child nodes of a
C60482 - given node are the immediate descendent nodes of the given
C60483 - node.
C60485 - ..
C60486 - On 060905 Gary's letter discussed challenges achieving an effective
C60487 - sharing model using complex hierarchy data structures for context
C60488 - management ref SDS B7 DJ9J, concurring with concerns presented by
C60489 - Morris that subject indexing requires study to apply for making
C60490 - finding critical details fast and easy. ref SDS B7 2I7K Cultural
C60491 - practices use specialists to help people apply complex hierarchies,
C60492 - for example at the library. ref SDS B7 LU56
C60494 - ..
C60495 - Today, Gary says hierarchies are inadequate for managing complex
C60496 - records ("bodies of knowledge") ref SDS 0 9J3N, and indicates multiple
C60497 - hierarchies offer a better solution, and credits Open Iris for
C60498 - implementation. ref SDS 0 IA8Y
C60499 -
C60501 - ..
C60502 - Cliff's letter continues...
C60503 -
C60504 - 2. Trees are highly restricted and impoverished cases of
C60505 - hierarchies. Outlines are technically trees. Note that
C60506 - ordered lists are technically also hierarchies, although
C60507 - even MORE restricted and impoverished. ref DRT 2 Q76J
C60509 - ..
C60510 - Outlines are cited in Gary's letter today on data structures for
C60511 - organizing the record by adding order to manage complexity, per above.
C60512 - ref SDS 0 IA8U
C60514 - ..
C60515 - Cliff's letter continues...
C60516 -
C60517 - 3. As soon as you introduce arbitrary hyperlinks which can
C60518 - cross arbitrary levels, you've moved to a full network
C60519 - model. That's it, there's nothing in between: you're
C60520 - either hierarchical or you're a full network (directed
C60521 - graph). There's not much value in introducing intermediate
C60522 - concepts or novel terms like "heterarchy" or "web".
C60523 - ref DRT 2 N46O
C60525 - ..
C60526 - "Network Centric Organization" NCO has become a prominent term
C60527 - replacing Knowledge Management, "Business Intelligence," etc., for
C60528 - marketing products and services, reviewed on 980228. ref SDS 31 2716
C60529 - An example occurrs from discussions with Boeing on 060317. ref SDS A8
C60530 - IT5V
C60532 - ..
C60533 - Cliff seems to address Jack's question on 060905 about a presentation
C60534 - at SRI on hypergraphs and heterarchies, ref SDS B7 W955, and which was
C60535 - presented by copy to Cliff today, per above. ref SDS 0 K47P
C60537 - ..
C60538 - Cliff's letter continues...
C60539 -
C60540 - 4. Unions of hierarchies (facets), one for each link and/or
C60541 - node type present, are clearly the proper way to organize
C60542 - complex knowledge systems. I believe that the concepts of
C60543 - "multiple hierarchies" and "multiple inheritance" are
C60544 - actually distinct, as single hierarchies can have multiple
C60545 - inheritance. ref DRT 2 N47U
C60547 - ..
C60548 - 5. But in a facted system, the crucial questions which arise
C60549 - are as to whether those unions of hierarchies (say, taken
C60550 - pairwise) are themselves acyclic (and thus hierarchies), or
C60551 - whether you can traverse cycles by going "up" one link type
C60552 - and "down" another. Different, interesting things happen
C60553 - one way or the other. ref DRT 2 N48Q
C60555 - ..
C60556 - Need examples applying data structure alternatives presented in
C60557 - Cliff's letter today for managing typcial SDS records, like the record
C60558 - today, ref SDS 0 0001, the record on 060317, ref SDS A8 0001, or on
C60559 - 060825. ref SDS B4 0001
C60561 - ..
C60562 - Need for testing reflects the letter to the team early this morning.
C60563 - ref SDS 0 I26M
C60565 - ..
C60566 - How quickly can such systems be used to develop effective structure,
C60567 - and what kind of benefits are derived for the investment, compared to
C60568 - current methods?
C60570 - ..
C60571 - Cliff's letter continues...
C60572 -
C60573 - 2. Happy to expand more on anything of interest here. ref DRT 2
C60574 - N48X
C60576 - ..
C60577 - On 000723 Cliff presented interesting explanations of SDS to the group
C60578 - meeting at SRI. ref SDS 52 3960
C60579 -
C60580 -
C60581 -
C60582 -
C60583 -
C60584 -
C60585 -
C60586 -
C60587 -
C60588 -
C606 -