CONTACTS 

SUBJECTS
Ontology Fails Distinguish Information from Knowledge Paper Using UML
Knowledge Not Distinguished from Information in Ontology from Journal
KM Not Distinguished from Information Management
Knowledge Representation Ontology Organize Subjects Categories Topics
Knowledge Not Understood, Eric Armstrong
OpenCyc Software Program by OpeCyce Impressive, John Deneen
Internet Invented by DARPA, John Deneen
Killer Application Ontology OpenCyc by Cycorp Supported by DARPA

3010 -    ..
3011 - Summary/Objective
3012 -
301201 - Follow up ref SDS 91 0000, ref SDS 89 0000.
301202 -
301203 - Received ref DRT 1 0001 from John Deneen notifying the team about work
301204 - by Cycorp to develop an "ontology." This effort is supported by DARPA.
301205 - ref DRT 1 GJ6J
301206 -
301207 - The program manager is Murray Burke. ref DRT 1 4J7J
301208 -
301209 -     [On 010426 letter to Pat Lincoln at SRI on submitting SDS to meet
301210 -     this objective. ref SDS 92 WD6J
301211 -
301212 -     [On 010426 Pat Lincoln reports DARPA and other sponsors feel KM
301213 -     does not work. ref SDS 92 657O
301214 -
301215 - John says in his letter today that Jim Sphorer at IBM is very
301216 - impressed with OpenCyc technology (1.0 will be released on July 1,
301217 - 2001). ref DRT 1 SE6F
301218 -
301219 -     [On 010622 article promotes release of Cyc in the market place.
301220 -     ref SDS 93 N63F
301221 -
301222 -
301223 -  ..
301224 - DARPA Invented Internet, Now Supports OpenCyc Ontology by Cycorp
301225 - Ontology Next High Tech Innovation Supported by DARPA
301226 - Agent Markup Language (AML) Adds Semantics on Top of XML
301227 -
301228 - John quotes from OpenCyce literature.....
301229 -
301230 -     "The Cyc ontology will be released in several formats in order to
301231 -     promote the widest adoption of this technology, and facilitate the
301232 -     seamless integration of new and existing ontologies. One format
301233 -     will be Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency's ("DARPA")
301234 -     Agent Markup Language (DAML), which adds semantic statements on
301235 -     top of XML, and is currently being considered as a standard for
301236 -     the W3C Semantic Web. Cycorp's release of this latest DARPA
301237 -     technology may be the catalyst for the next such monumental
301238 -     technological innovation after DARPA's invention of the Internet.
301239 -     ref DRT 1 GJ6J
301240 - ..
301241 - Presumably OpenCyc, which John mentioned Jim Spohrer views
301242 - favorably, ref DRT 1 SE6F, is the Cyc ontology, or is related to it.
301243 -
301244 -     [On 010622 Lenat says writing makes people "superhuman" Killer App
301245 -     of the ages. ref SDS 93 N668
301246 -
301247 -
301248 -
301249 -
3013 -

SUBJECTS
Lenat, Douglas B, President, Founder Cycorp
Common Sense False Knowledge Pilot Test 20 Min - 1 Hour Fools Gold
Common Sense Knowledge Base Ontology Opencyc, Cycorp, 010425
AI Engineers Design Personal Biases into Tools that Hamper Users
Opencyc v. 1 Cyc Will Be Released 010701
Inference Engine Part of Cyc Opencyc v. 1
Open Source Opencyc with Inference Engine Common Sense Ontology
Open Source Other OHS/DKR Type Projects, 000601, Doug
KM Projects Trying to Create OHS/DKR
Inference Engine Ontology OpenCyc Cycorp, 010425
Search Engine Extracts Patterns Using Bayesian Statistics Neural Netw
Inference Meaning Communication, Semiotics, 000713
Knowledge Experience Semiotics, Peirce, 000515

491501 -  ..
491502 - Ontology OpenCyc Uses Common Sense Knowledge Base
491503 - Opencyc Ontology Common Sense Knowledge Base
491504 - Common Sense Knowledge Base Ontology OpenCyc by Cycorp
491505 -
491506 - There is a link in John's letter to.....
491507 -
491508 -
491509 -           http://cyc.com/opencycpressrelease03062001.html
491510 -
491511 -
491512 - ....which shows what seems to be a press release by Cycorp that
491513 - says Opencyc is, generates, or otherwise supports a....
491514 -
491515 -
491516 -                         common sense
491517 -
491518 -  ..
491519 -
491520 - ....knowledge base. A greatly expanded version of the Cyc Common Sense
491521 - Knowledge Base will be made available in open access form under the
491522 - name OpenCyc. ref DRT 1 0002
491523 -
491524 -     [On 010426 Pat Lincoln reports DARPA and other sponsors feel KM
491525 -     does not work. ref SDS 92 657O
491526 -
491527 -     [On 010622 article promotes release of Cyc for common sense AI.
491528 -     ref SDS 93 N63F
491529 -
491530 -
491531 -  ..
491532 - Inference Engine Tools for Creating Knowledge Applications
491533 -
491534 - In addition, Cycorp will, for the first time, provide the Cyc
491535 - Inference Engine and a suite of tools for creating knowledge-based
491536 - applications. OpenCyc 1.0 will be released on July 1, 2001.
491537 - ref DRT 1 U56J
491538 -
491539 -     Seems to align with Jack Park's plans on 000623 to develop an
491540 -     "engine" for ontology. ref SDS 52 2915
491541 -
491542 -     On 000405 knowledge representation difficult for AI. ref SDS 46
491543 -     B8R4
491544 -
491545 -     On 001025 challenge creating an effective reviewed by Paul
491546 -     Fernhout.  Experience solving problems may relate to Opencyc plan
491547 -     to use common sense for knowledge base. ref SDS 62 RH5H
491548 -     ..
491549 -     On 001130 Jack proposed an ontology engine for SDS.
491550 -     ref SDS 70 0001 and ref SDS 70 MN3W  Engine that maintains
491551 -     knowledge structures is proposed. ref SDS 70 CC7K
491552 -
491553 -     On 000709 Semiotics explained as Communication, Meaning and
491554 -     inference. ref SDS 54 4078  Would be interesting if Cycorp's work
491555 -     discusses semiotics.
491556 -
491557 -
491558 -
491559 -  ..
491560 - IBM Trying OpenCyc to Find Services on the Internet
491561 - Search Engine on Internet for Data Mining Business Intelligence
491562 -
491563 - According to Rod Smith, VP of Emerging Internet Technologies for IBM,
491564 - "IBM is looking for technologies to enhance the networks of web
491565 - services we are building using W3C web standards. OpenCyc can be used
491566 - to help businesses find the right web service out of the many
491567 - thousands that exist in IBM's public UDDI Business Registry."
491568 - ref DRT 1 4U5F
491569 -
491570 -     Sounds like another Internet search engine for data mining and
491571 -     business intelligence.
491572 -
491573 -     How will this improve existing methods?
491574 -
491575 -
491576 -
491577 -
491578 -
491579 -
4916 -

SUBJECTS
W3C Cycorp Will be Joining
W3C HTML Standards Organization

540401 -  ..
540402 - Cycorp Joining W3C
540403 -
540404 -
540405 - Cycorp's press release says the firm will be joining W3C. ref DRT 1
540406 - 0M6N
540407 -
540408 - Does this mean DARPA funding is not being extended, from project
540409 - beginning in 1984?
540410 -
540411 -
540412 -
540413 -
540414 -
540415 -
5405 -

SUBJECTS
RKF - Rapid Knowledge Formation DARPA Project Uses Opencyc
DARPA RKF - Rapid Knowledge Formation DARPA Project Uses Opencyc
Opencyc Ontology by Cycorp
Burke, Murry DARPA Program Manager
KM Intelligent Applications Enabled by Semantically Rich Knowledge Ba
Semantically Rich Knowledge Bases Ontology Enables Intelligent Applic
Ontology Knowledge Organization Representation Subjects Catagories To
Intelligent Applications KM Enabled by Ontology Semantically Rich Kno
Killer Application Ontology OpenCyc by Cycorp Supported by DARPA
AI Ontology Semantically Rich Knowledge Bases Enable Intelligent Appl
Ontology Collaborative Evolutionary Epistomoloty, DKR Architecture, 0

6914 -
691401 -  ..
691402 - RKF - Rapid Knowledge Formation Project by DARPA Applies OpenCyc
691403 - Semantical Knowledge Bases Enable Intelligent KM Applications
691404 - Intelligent KM Applications Enabled by Semantical Knowledge Bases
691405 -
691406 - John quotes further.....
691407 -
691408 -     DARPA's Rapid Knowledge Formation (RKF) Project makes extensive
691409 -     use of Cyc. According to its Program Manager, Murray Burke, "RKF
691410 -     will make possible the rapid creation of semantically rich
691411 -     knowledge bases and enable a new generation of intelligent
691412 -     applications for the military. This same technology could enable a
691413 -     new generation of intelligent knowledge management applications
691414 -     for business and commerce." ref DRT 1 4J7J
691415 -
691416 - ..
691417 - There is no direct access to contact Murray in John's letter.
691418 - Research using Google on the Internet, yielded a solicitation for
691419 - proposals....
691420 -
691421 -
691422 -     ttp://reliant.teknowledge.com/RKF/proposals/rkf_pip.html 691423 -
691424 -
691425 - This solicitation has contact information on.......
691426 -
691427 -
691428 -      Mr. Murray Burke
691429 -      DARPA/ISO
691430 -      ATTN:  BAA 99-35
691431 -      3701 North Fairfax Drive
691432 -      Arlington, VA 22203-1714
691433 -      Email: mburke@darpa.mil
691434 -
691435 - ..
691436 - The RFP is identified as......
691437 -
691438 -    PROPOSER INFORMATION PACKAGE for BAA99-35
691439 -
691440 -
691441 -          Rapid Knowledge Formation (RKF) Project
691442 -
691443 -
691444 -    The information provided in this Proposer Information Package
691445 -    (PIP),in addition to that provided in the Commerce Business Daily
691446 -    (CBD) Announcement, BAA99-35, constitutes a Broad Agency
691447 -    Announcement (BAA)as contemplated in FAR 6.102 (d)(2)(i).
691448 -  ..
691449 -    1.0  INTRODUCTION
691450 -
691451 -    ....(DARPA) is soliciting proposals for an on-going research effort
691452 -    that investigates, develops, and demonstrates technologies for the
691453 -    rapid development and application of large knowledge bases under a
691454 -    program called Rapid Knowledge Formation (RKF) Program. The
691455 -    information provided in this package, in addition to that provided
691456 -    in the Commerce Business Daily (CBD) Announcement, BAA99-35
691457 -    constitutes the Broad Agency Announcement for this solicitation.
691458 -    ..
691459 -    The Government plans to award multiple technology development
691460 -    contracts in the following areas:  (a) integrated teams of
691461 -    technology developers, (b) innovative component technology
691462 -    developers, and (c) challenge problem development and evaluation
691463 -    management. Proposals must stress the offeror's current and planned
691464 -    capability, and past record of accomplishment. Offerors are
691465 -    encouraged to review the results of the High Performance Knowledge
691466 -    Bases Program (HPKB) and the RKF Program briefings, which are
691467 -    accessible at
691468 -
691469 -               http://dtsn.darpa.mil/iso.
691470 -
691471 -    All offerors are cautioned to pay particular attention to the
691472 -    requirements of this PIP regarding organizational conflict of
691473 -    interest certifications in Section 6.2.3, and proprietary claims in
691474 -    Section 6.1.4.
691475 -    ..
691476 -    Proposals identified for funding may result in a contract,
691477 -    grant, or cooperative agreement depending upon the nature of the
691478 -    work proposed, the required degree of interaction between parties,
691479 -    and other factors.
691480 -
691481 -    2.1  Program Objective
691482 -
691483 -    The central objective of the Rapid Knowledge Formation (RKF)
691484 -    Program is to enable distributed teams of subject matter experts
691485 -    (SMEs) to enter and modify knowledge directly and easily, without
691486 -    the need for specialized training in knowledge representation,
691487 -    acquisition, or manipulation. The resulting knowledge bases (KBs)
691488 -    will be available to provide specific answers to questions and
691489 -    could be applied in many different problem-solving situations.
691490 -    Individual SMEs, as well as different SME communities, must be able
691491 -    to create, exchange, modify, and maintain their own specialized
691492 -    knowledge even where portions of such knowledge supercedes or
691493 -    contradicts knowledge provided by other SMEs.
691494 -    ..
691495 -    The most difficult RKF technical challenges involve bridging
691496 -    the chasm between human logic and the formal logic of machines.
691497 -    Humans possess vast amounts of common sense acquired through years
691498 -    of experience, employ analogies, situational contexts, and reason
691499 -    using natural language and complex visualizations.  Machines are
691500 -    constrained to techniques of mathematical logic, require precise
691501 -    representations and usually employ deductive theorem proving. In
691502 -    addition, the inherent complexity of managing and utilizing large
691503 -    knowledge bases grows exponentially.  These challenges underlie our
691504 -    strategy as to which research and development technology areas
691505 -    offer the greatest potential for solutions.
691506 -
691507 -    The RKF Program will build on the work and accumulated knowledge
691508 -    base content of the successful FY97-99 HPKB Program.  In HPKB, the
691509 -    emphasis was on the development of very large knowledge bases by
691510 -    Artificial Intelligence (AI) experts and computer scientists.  In
691511 -    contrast, RKF emphasizes the development of knowledge bases
691512 -    directly by the domain experts. The RKF challenge problem is
691513 -    described in greater detail in Section 5.0: Challenge Problem
691514 -    Development and Evaluation.
691515 -
691516 -
691517 -    2.2  Program Development
691518 -    ..
691519 -    The Program's primary requirement is the development of the
691520 -    functionality enabling SMEs to understand the contents of a
691521 -    knowledge base, enter new theories, augment and edit existing
691522 -    knowledge, test the adequacy of the knowledge base under
691523 -    development, receive explanations of theories contained in the
691524 -    knowledge base, and detect and repair errors in content. Particular
691525 -    importance is attached to the development of authoring technologies
691526 -    that do not require expertise in knowledge representation nor
691527 -    training in mathematical logic, specific programming languages, or
691528 -    computer science.  These technologies will enable users to enter,
691529 -    validate, and manipulate knowledge using natural language,
691530 -    sketching, templating, and other appropriate modalities.
691531 -
691532 -
691533 -
691534 -
691535 -
691536 -
691537 -
691538 -
691539 -
691540 -
691541 -
691542 -
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691544 -
6916 -
6917 -