The Welch Company

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I n t e l l i g e n c e


Research on the brain and in Cognitive Science suggest an intelligence role can strengthen management to make leadership effective.
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Communication Metrics is a management science for using technology to develop intelligence. The work improves understanding and follow up on daily details from meetings and other communications that otherwise overwhelm managers due to information overload. Intelligence improves earnings by reducing errors, stress and conflict caused by
limited span of attention due to limited time.
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Understanding begins with experience, i.e., seeing and listening. New information from sight and sound is integrated in the mind for alignment with what is already known. Mental maps form patterns of chronology over time that impart cause and effect. Follow up ensures things get done despite the fragility of mental maps. These key components of intelligence can be accomplished faster and more accurately using technology to link chains of information, organize, align and summarize details for decision support.
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A large part of intelligence is the continual accumulation of experience from which the mind extrapolates lessons learned. The technology, skills and practice of Communication Metrics inherently support an effective continual learning business process.
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The human mind applies its vast reservoir of experience in the form of stories, that enable people to exercise judgement in making decisions, which is the dominant task of management. However, as time passes the mind is less able to assemble an accurate story. To solve this weakness management experts suggest using the
Internet as a "data repository," also, a "repository of experience." The repository idea applies the mental process of relying on experience.
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IBM's announcement on Feb 26, 1998 of plans to market "business intelligence" shows growing recognition of the need for this new kind of support to improve earnings.
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The need for an alternative way to store experience arises because mental errors are hidden when the conscious mind is busy getting information. Andy Grove, Chairman of Intel Corporation, writes in his book Only the Paranoid Survive, that "...mental maps are awfully forgiving of ambiguity." This general problem is called limited span of attention. When there is not enough time to think, because of constant meetings, calls and email, mistakes and missed opportunities escalate. This general problem is called "information overload" that forces management into constant problem handling to fix one crisis after another. Fixing mistakes is called "rework." When rework reaches critical mass, failure is attributed to Murphy's Law because the true cause lies outside span of attention, making it a mystery. Solving the mystery of Murphy requires "intelligence."
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The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers issued a report dated October 7, 1997 on a case study using Communication Metrics to solve the rework problem. Since meetings are a major cause of poor productivity, adding an intelligence effort improves meetings and management effectiveness.
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POIMS technology supports the "intelligence" process by making it fast and easy to accumulate chains of related information that preserve chronology so that cause and effect can be retrieved when needed for decision support. This greatly expands span of attention, and so reduces mistakes and the cost of rework. The technology assembles related information accurately, so that even a busy mind can align the work with requirements to avoid mistakes that otherwise cause extra expense, delay and hurt feelings. Cost savings are significant, because the technology applies the basic mental process of alignment to the full range of complex information managers encounter dealing with people, contracts, policies, laws, regulations, plans, budgets and so on.
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Since the human brain is an organic structure, it should not be surprising that it uses an "organic" method to assemble and relate information structures by building larger meanings from smaller ones. This reflects the fact that in the human mind, the "big picture" is actually an accumulation of a lot of small detailed patterns.
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Intelligence has two major organic processes:
  1. Summarize meaning linked to detail
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  2. Summarize category or classification, also called "subjects"
If you attend a meeting for an hour or two and discuss twenty subjects, when someone asks what happened at the meeting, you will describe it in one or two sentences. If you attend several meetings, have several phone calls and receive email, faxes and have a number of discussions, if someone asks what happened at the office today, you will explain it in a few sentences.
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This is your mind at work using an organic process that links summary to detail.
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If someone asks for more information, you can say a few more sentences about a particular subject. If pressed, depending upon the length of time since the event, the mind can recall still more detail. However, the mind is weak in connecting summary to detail. As time passes, the mind recalls information from different events as being from the same event. Eventually summary understanding is completely disconnected from original details. Some people can remember better than others, but forgetting is an endemic weakness of the mind that causes people, groups, organizations and entire nations to drift off course, as noted by Henry Kissinger. This makes maintaining alignment a critical task of leadership, which requires "intelligence." Communication Metrics uses technology to provide faster, better, cheaper "intelligence."
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The mental strength to draw summary from detail, that also causes meaning drift, is recognized in management standards like ISO and the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK), as requiring a dedicated process to avoid the malady of false knowledge that results from the disconnect (forgetting) that eventually occurs in the human mind, and affects all human organizations. The solution to this problem is generally called...
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traceability to original sources

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Some authorities call this...
root cause analysis


... but the objective is the same: to "understand" cause and effect by tracing the chronology of events that led to a particular event or decision.
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About 5,000 years ago humans began developing technology to help remember important details. They drew pictures to represent sounds and connected them into larger blocks of meaning derived from discussions and thinking. This method emulates the mind's process of building larger meaning by connecting smaller blocks of information. Today, after much trial and error, the English speaking world has settled on 26 pictures called the "alphabet." People spend 12 years or so learning how to connect these pictures of small details into larger patterns of meaning so that the full range of human experience, knowledge and wisdom can be accurately remembered despite the passage of time.
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Of course this is reading and writing, the core competency of knowledge work.

Managers like to work by conversation because it seems fast and easy, and it seems at any given moment to have greater potential for avoiding accountability for mistakes, than does the alternative of investing time for analysis to avoid making mistakes that require accountability. This self-interest dynamic overwhelms policies and standards that "stress" accountability. After 5,000 years reading and writing seems old fashioned, bureaucratic and slow. Most people cannot read their notes of meetings, and it takes time to prepare useful analysis, so the practice of writing things down to understand and remember important information that impacts earnings has fallen into disuse. It seems like overkill. Very few people these days believe analysis is worth the investment of time and energy. Andy Grove at Intel Corporation is one who does. Mr. Grove says that analysis is not easy and it is not fun. He says it takes diligence; but, analysis is necessary to carry out responsibilities to employees and shareholders who hold him accountable for success at Intel.
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Intelligence is an investment strategy in making connections that generate knowledge and ideas essential to be successful. POIMS technology provides a key advance in using the alphabet by integrating time management with information management. Whereas, the alphabet connects meaning into information, POIMS emulates the human mental process that connects information into chronology; and, it permits custom connections as a matter of volition to capture cause and effect.
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Since the human mind reasons by experience, i.e., chronology not logic, POIMS adds a powerful new dimension to using the alphabet for knowledge work.
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POIMS technology supports the "intelligence" process that...

links summary to detail


... so that busy people can absorb a lot of information quickly, and can select particular details that require deeper consideration when needed -- click here for an example.
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This gives managers the power of clear, concise and complete communications without being overwhelmed by information overload. Automated connections maintain alignment between cause and effect, so that managers can stay on course rather than succumb to the drift caused by the natural disconnect that occurs in the human mind with the passage of time between cause and effect, and between action and objectives.
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POIMS uses an...

organic subject structure


... to reflect the mind's method of summarizing category or classification. While implementation of the organic structure is automated, creation of the structure requires careful attention. This is an investment of time in organizing knowledge, similar to creating an organization chart, a chart of financial accounts, or a Work Breakdown Structure (WBS), except it has far wider application than these traditional structures, because the "meaning" of communication is complex.
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The science of Communication Metrics includes expertise to develop and maintain the organic subject structure needed for effective "intelligence," akin to...

tending the garden of knowledge
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A common structure and dynamic methodology for organizing information consistently facilitates gathering and using "intelligence." The SDS program supports this requirement, and so it significantly leverages personal skills to craft content and "summary" that is managed by the technology. As a result,
Internet access and the organic subject structure of POIMS technology make the "garden" a powerful...
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Knowledge Space


...that controls management details in the way that ordinary dimensional space allows engineers and architects to control construction details. This enables Knowledge Space to support the executive mindset that must wrestle with the
new realities of a global economy in a faster paced world, i.e., a New World Order.
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On Dec 2, 1997 the advantages of intelligence in relation to conventional management practice, were reviewed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers in Washington D.C.
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On Apr 5, 1998, advantages were identified of intelligence in relation to traditional use of documentation, and attendant fear of accountability.
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Obtaining good intelligence requires another key ingredient to meet the challenge of a new reality in the practice of management. Leaders with courage to act and strength to preserver are essential to overcome fear of change so that people can discover the power of POIMS -- automated integration of people, process and time -- to implement the science of Communication Metrics. This takes leadership with a broader vision.
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Updated: Aug 14, 1998